AC-3 Definition

Dolby AC-1 was the original digital coding technology introduced in 1987 with the beginning development of what later would become HDTV. Later Dolby AC-2  was introduced in 1989 and included better audio quality and reduced bit-rate. Dolby AC-3 was introduced to the public in 1991 and includes 5.1 channels and operates at 320 kbps.

Dolby Digital, or AC-3, is the common version containing up to 6 total channels of sound, with 5 channels for normal-range speakers (Right front, Center, Left Front, Right Rear and Left Rear) and one channel for the LFE, or subwoofer. The Dolby Digital format supports Mono and Stereo usages as well.

This codec has several aliases, which are different names for the same codec:

• Dolby Digital (promotion name, not accepted by the ATSC)
• DD (an abbreviation of above, often combined with channel count: DD 5.1)
• Dolby Surround AC-3 Digital (second promotional name, as seen on early film releases, and on home audio equipment till about 1995/6 or so)
• Dolby Stereo Digital (first promotional name, as seen on early releases, also seen on True Lies LaserDisc)
• Dolby SR-Digital (when the recording incorporates a Dolby SR-format recording for compatibility)
• SR-D (an abbreviation of above)
• Adaptive Transform Coder 3 (relates to the bitstream format of Dolby Digital)
• AC-3 (an abbreviation of above)
• Audio Codec 3, Advanced Codec 3, Acoustic Coder 3 (These are backronyms. However, Adaptive TRansform Acoustic Coding 3, or ATRAC3, is a separate format developed by Sony)
• ATSC A/52 (name of the standard, current version is A/52 Rev. B)

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