Cisco CCNA Exam Tutorial: A Guide To RAM, ROM, NVRAM, and FlashPage: 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 or Go To our Certification Articles Section
CCNA exam success depends on knowing the details, and nowhere
is this more true than knowing the various components of a
Cisco router. This is also where you can quickly start drowning
in acronyms! The terms "RAM" and "ROM"
probably aren't new to you, but keeping up with "what
goes where" with RAM, ROM, NVRAM, and Flash Memory can
be quite a challenge! In this tutorial, we'll take a look
at all four of these components and their contents.
ROM stands for Read-Only Memory. ROM stores the router’s
bootstrap startup program, operating system software, and
power-on diagnostic test programs (the POST).
Flash memory is generally referred to as “flash”
The Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) images are held
here. Flash is erasable and reprogrammable ROM. Flash memory
content is retained by the router on power-down or reload.
RAM is short for Random-Access Memory. RAM on a Cisco router
stores operational information such as routing tables and
the running configuration file. RAM contents are lost when
the router is powered down or reloaded.
NVRAM is non-volatile RAM. By "non-volatile", we
mean that the contents of NVRAM are not lost when the router
is powered down or reloaded. Where RAM holds the running configuration
file, NVRAM holds the startup configuration file. If NVRAM
is empty when the router reloads, you will be prompted to
enter setup mode.
Success on the CCNA exam depends on keeping these terms straight
and knowing their contents. Know the contents of each, pay
special attention to what is lost on a reload and what is
not, and you're on your way to CCNA exam success
About the Author:
Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage,
home of free CCNA and CCNP tutorials, The Ultimate CCNA Study
Package, and Ultimate CCNP Study Packages.
For a FREE copy of his latest e-books, “How To Pass
The CCNA” and “How To Pass The CCNP”, visit
the website and download your free copies. You can also get
FREE CCNA and CCNP exam questions every day! Pass the CCNA
exam with The Bryant Advantage!
About the Author:
Article by Chris Bryant.
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